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    Functions


    A function is a rule, corresponding or mapping that assigns to each number x (input) one and only one real number y (output) for a domain D.  Symbolically, this may be represented as


    If it is desired to designate the square root function by the letter f, we write:


    Accordingly,



    Because x can be assigned any value in the domain D, x is referenced to as the independent variable.  The possible set of values assumed by y as x runs through all values in D is called the range.
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